When to see a dentist for mouth infections: warning signs to watch

Your mouth is a key indicator of your overall health. Oral infections can cause pain, swelling, and inflammation in the soft tissues of the oral cavity, so they need treating as soon as possible. Recognising the warning signs of a mouth infection can help prevent complications and ensure you get the treatment you need.

Let’s now look at the signs that indicate it’s time to visit the dentist and what you can do to protect your oral health.

Common mouth infections

Some of the most common oral infections include:

• Bacterial infections – Streptococcus mutans is a major contributor to dental caries (tooth decay) and gum disease. Bacteria can also lead to dental abscesses, another type of infection.
• Viral infections – The herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes oral herpes. This leads to painful blisters (cold sores), or fever blisters. Viral infections can also cause swelling in the throat and mouth tissues.
• Fungal infections – Candida fungi cause white patches on the tongue, gums, and throat. Those with a weakened immune system or dry mouth are more likely to develop a fungal infection.

Causes of mouth infections

Poor oral hygiene and dental neglect

A lack of proper brushing and flossing can lead to a build up of food debris and bacteria along the gum line, increasing the risk of periodontal disease and dental abscesses. Dentures can also irritate the soft tissues in the oral cavity if they don’t fit well.

Common symptoms of a mouth infection

Persistent pain or swelling

Mouth infections normally start with mild discomfort in your teeth, gums, or jaw. If the discomfort persists, this might suggest a serious underlying infection. You should see a dentist if you are experiencing painful blisters or inflammation that doesn’t get better within a few days.

Redness, sores, or ulcers that won’t heal

Mouth sores, including canker sores (aphthous ulcers), are common and usually heal within two weeks. Ulcers that last longer than this or worsen over time may signal an infection or an early stage of mouth disease. This is especially the case if you also notice symptoms like swelling or fever.

Pus or unusual discharge in the mouth

Pus, a bad taste, or a foul smell in the mouth often suggests a bacterial infection. Pus-filled abscesses can form near the gums or deep in the tooth, causing intense pain and swelling. If not treated, the infection can spread to other parts of the body.

When to see a dentist urgently

Severe pain affecting eating or sleeping

You should not ignore pain that interferes with your daily activities. Whether caused by an infected tooth, gum disease, or an oral infection, severe discomfort is a clear sign that professional treatment is required.

Difficulty opening the mouth or swallowing

If an infection spreads to the throat or jaw, it can cause difficulty opening the mouth or swallowing food. This can be particularly concerning in cases of bacterial infections or viral infections that affect the deeper tissues of the throat. In severe cases, an untreated infection may lead to breathing difficulties.

Fever or swollen lymph nodes

A fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes suggest an infection is spreading beyond the mouth. This is particularly concerning in cases of severe gum disease, dental abscesses, or untreated viral infections. If you experience these symptoms alongside mouth pain, see a dentist immediately.

Potential complications of untreated infections

Abscess formation and spread of infection

Dental abscesses occur when bacteria invade the soft tissues of the mouth, leading to the formation of pus-filled swellings. These abscesses can cause intense pain, swelling, and, in some cases, jaw stiffness. If the infection spreads, it may lead to systemic illness, requiring antibiotics or surgical drainage.

Risk of systemic health issues, including sepsis

Oral infections can also impact other areas of your health. Bacteria from untreated infections can enter the bloodstream, increasing the risk of systemic conditions such as sepsis. Inflammation caused by persistent infections has also been linked to heart disease, diabetes, and other serious health problems.

Treatments for mouth infections

The treatment for a mouth infection depends on its cause and severity. While mild cases may heal on their own, serious infections require professional care to prevent complications.

Antibiotics for bacterial infections

Bacterial infections, such as dental abscesses and gum disease, may require antibiotics like amoxicillin or metronidazole. Severe cases might need abscess drainage or further dental treatment.

Antiviral medications for viral infections

Oral herpes and cold sores caused by the herpes simplex virus can be managed with antiviral medications like acyclovir to reduce symptoms and duration.

Antifungal treatments for fungal infections

Oral thrush and other fungal infections are treated with antifungal mouth rinses or tablets such as nystatin or fluconazole. Maintaining good oral hygiene helps prevent recurrence.

Pain relief and symptom management

• Painkillers like ibuprofen can reduce discomfort and swelling.
• Mouth rinses (e.g. chlorhexidine or salt water) help disinfect the mouth.
• Topical gels with lidocaine numb painful sores.

Dental procedures for severe infections

In some cases, additional dental procedures may be necessary to remove the source of infection. If a dental abscess forms, a dentist may need to drain the pus to relieve pressure and eliminate bacteria.

In more severe cases, tooth extraction may be required if a tooth is too infected or decayed to be saved, preventing the infection from spreading further.

Alternatively, if bacteria have reached the pulp of a tooth, oral surgery like root canal treatment may be performed to remove the infected tissue and preserve the tooth.

Prevention and maintaining good oral health

To prevent future infections, dentists recommend maintaining good oral hygiene, improving diet, and avoiding habits that contribute to poor oral health.

Brushing and flossing regularly helps remove plaque and food debris, reducing bacterial growth. Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption is also important, as these can weaken the immune system and increase infection risk.

Staying hydrated helps prevent dry mouth, which can encourage bacterial and fungal infections. Additionally, badly fitting dentures should be replaced to prevent irritation and mouth sores that may become infected.

Early-stage infections are easier to treat, so seeking dental advice at the first sign of a problem is essential. With proper treatment and preventative care, most mouth infections can be effectively managed and prevented from recurring.

When to seek professional dental advice for ongoing issues

If you frequently experience mouth ulcers, bleeding gums, a persistent sore throat, or swelling in the oral cavity, consult a dentist. Conditions such as oral herpes, periodontal disease, and mouth cancer require early diagnosis for effective treatment.

Additionally, those with a weakened immune system should be particularly vigilant about oral health. Viral infections, fungal infections, and bacterial infections are more likely to develop and persist in individuals with immune system disorders, increasing the risk of complications.

Let Fulham Road Dental help relieve your oral health issues

Addressing oral health issues promptly is essential to prevent complications and maintain overall well-being. At Fulham Road Dental, our expert team is committed to providing comprehensive care for various oral health concerns, including mouth infections. We use the latest techniques and technology to prevent and treat gum disease, offering personalised solutions tailored to your needs.

By choosing Fulham Road Dental, you’re entrusting your oral health to a team dedicated to delivering exceptional care and ensuring your comfort throughout the treatment process. Don’t let a mouth infection compromise your health – schedule an appointment with us today and take the first step towards a healthier smile.